What is a Net Dipole?
A net dipole is a molecule that has an overall electric dipole moment due to the unequal distribution of charge between its atoms. This means that the molecule has a slightly positive and negative side, creating a small electric field between them. This dipole can be used to determine the type of intermolecular forces that are present in the molecule.How to Determine Which Molecule Will Have a Net Dipole?
The easiest way to determine which molecule will have a net dipole is to look at the individual atoms that make up the molecule. If the atoms have different electronegativities, meaning they have different attractions to electrons, then they will have a net dipole. The most electronegative atom will have a greater attraction to electrons, resulting in the molecule having a positive side and a negative side, creating a net dipole.Comparison of Molecules with a Net Dipole
| Molecule | Atoms | Net Dipole? |
|---|---|---|
| H2 | Hydrogen | No |
| O2 | Oxygen | No |
| HCl | Hydrogen, Chlorine | Yes |
| NH3 | Nitrogen, Hydrogen | Yes |
Conclusion
In conclusion, molecules with atoms of different electronegativities will have a net dipole, while molecules with atoms of the same electronegativity will not. It is important to note that the most electronegative atom will have a greater attraction to electrons, resulting in the molecule having a positive side and a negative side, creating a net dipole.People Also Ask:
Q: How do I determine which molecule has a net dipole?A: Determine which molecule has atoms with different electronegativities. If the atoms have different electronegativities, then the molecule will have a net dipole.
Q: Is there a way to measure dipole moments?
A: Yes, dipole moments can be measured with a device called a dipole moment meter. The device uses an electric field to measure the dipole moment of a molecule.